Germany, Federal Republic of (in German, Bundesrepublik Deutschland), country in central Europe, bordered on the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; on the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; on the south by Austria and Switzerland; and on the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium, and the Netherlands. For much of German history, Germany was a geographical term for an area occupied by many states. A unified nation for 74 years (1871-1945), it was divided after World War II into the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG; commonly known as West Germany) and the German Democratic Republic (GDR; commonly known as East Germany). On October 3, 1990, East Germany, or the GDR, became part of the FRG, and Germany once again became a unified nation. It has an area of 356,959 sq km (137,823 sq mi). Berlin is Germany's capital and largest city.
Population
83,536,115
(1996 estimate)
Population Density
234 people/sq km
(606 people/sq mi)
(1996 estimate)
Urban/Rural Breakdown
85% Urban
15% Rural
Largest Cities
Berlin 3,477,900
Hamburg 1,703,800
Munich 1,251,100
Cologne 963,300
Frankfurt 656,200
(1994 estimates)
Ethnic Groups
96% German
4% Other
including Turks, Poles, Italians, and Yugoslavs
Languages
Official Language
German
Other Languages
Sorbian, other minority languages
Religions
35% Protestantism
mainly Lutheranism
34% Roman Catholicism
2% Islam
29% Other
including Judaism
Time and Date in Berlin
Countries Currency Unit
DEM/Unit
Units/DEM
DZD
Algeria Dinars
0.0290064
34.4751
USD
United States Dollars
2.24547
0.445340
ARS
Argentina Pesos
0.762470
1.31153
AUD
Australia Dollars
1.19799
0.834729
ATS
Austria Schillings **
0.142136
7.03553
BSD
Bahamas Dollars
2.24547
0.445340
BBD
Barbados Dollars
1.12838
0.886227
BEF
Belgium Francs **
0.0484838
20.6255
BMD
Bermuda Dollars
2.24547
0.445340
BRL
Brazil Reals
0.965795
1.03542
GBP
United Kingdom Pounds
3.20174
0.312331
BGL
Bulgaria Leva
1.00438
0.995635
CAD
Canada Dollars
1.40768
0.710391
CLP
Chile Pesos
0.00342063
292.344
CNY
China Yuan Renminbi
0.271278
3.68626
CYP
Cyprus Pounds
3.41777
0.292589
CZK
Czech Republic Koruny
0.0633439
15.7868
DKK
Denmark Kroner
0.263273
3.79834
XCD
East Caribbean Dollars
0.831657
1.20242
EGP
Egypt Pounds
0.484722
2.06304
EUR
Euro
1.95583
0.511292
FJD
Fiji Dollars
1.00469
0.995336
FIM
Finland Markkaa **
0.328947
3.04000
FRF
France Francs **
0.298164
3.35385
DEM
Germany Deutsche Marks **
1.00000
1.00000
XAU
Gold Ounces
678.684
0.00147344
GRD
Greece Drachmae **
0.00573978
174.223
HKD
Hong Kong Dollars
0.287896
3.47348
HUF
Hungary Forint
0.00804323
124.328
ISK
Iceland Kronur
0.0224561
44.5313
INR
India Rupees
0.0460101
21.7344
IDR
Indonesia Rupiahs
0.000228560
4,375.21
IEP
Ireland Pounds **
2.48339
0.402675
ILS
Israel New Shekels
0.473435
2.11222
ITL
Italy Lire **
0.00101010
989.999
JMD
Jamaica Dollars
0.0471639
21.2027
JPY
Japan Yen
0.0169278
59.0744
JOD
Jordan Dinars
3.16710
0.315746
LBP
Lebanon Pounds
0.00148314
674.245
LUF
Luxembourg Francs **
0.0484838
20.6255
MYR
Malaysia Ringgits
0.591070
1.69185
MXN
Mexico Pesos
0.249211
4.01266
NZD
New Zealand Dollars
0.989094
1.01103
NOK
Norway Kroner
0.253621
3.94289
NLG
Netherlands Guilders **
0.887517
1.12674
PKR
Pakistan Rupees
0.0373934
26.7427
PHP
Philippines Pesos
0.0440116
22.7213
XPT
Platinum Ounces
1,165.35
0.000858110
PLN
Poland Zlotych
0.546110
1.83113
PTE
Portugal Escudos **
0.00975564
102.505
ROL
Romania Lei
0.0000681790
14,667.28
RUR
Russia Rubles
0.0721553
13.8590
SAR
Saudi Arabia Riyals
0.598784
1.67005
XAG
Silver Ounces
10.3962
0.0961891
SGD
Singapore Dollars
1.21891
0.820406
SKK
Slovakia Koruny
0.0468294
21.3541
ZAR
South Africa Rand
0.197704
5.05807
KRW
South Korea Won
0.00170008
588.208
ESP
Spain Pesetas **
0.0117548
85.0718
XDR
IMF Special Drawing Rights
2.79969
0.357182
SDD
Sudan Dinars
0.00863644
115.788
SEK
Sweden Kronor
0.216725
4.61414
CHF
Switzerland Francs
1.33558
0.748736
TWD
Taiwan New Dollars
0.0642482
15.5646
THB
Thailand Baht
0.0515588
19.3953
TTD
Trinidad and Tobago Dollars
0.366907
2.72548
TRL
Turkey Liras
0.00000167062
598,580.88
VEB
Venezuela Bolivares
0.00243864
410.065
ZMK
Zambia Kwacha
0.000502343
1,990.67
Germany :
Geographic coordinates
51 00 N, 9 00 E
Germany :
Population growth rate
0.27%
Germany :
Birth rate
9.16 births/1,000 population
Germany :
Death rate
10.42 deaths/1,000 population
Germany :
People living with HIV/AIDS
37,000
Germany :
Independence
18 January 1871
Germany :
National holiday
Unity Day, 3 October
Germany :
Constitution
23 May 1949
Germany :
GDP
purchasing power parity - $1.936 trillion
Germany :
GDP - per capita
purchasing power parity - $23,400
Germany :
Electricity - consumption
495.181 billion kWh
Germany :
Exports
$578 billion machinery, vehicles, chemicals, metals and manufactures, foodstuffs, textiles